Ukuqonda ngendima yeongezelelo ekunciphiseni i-viscofity ye-CMC

1. Ubume
I-carboxeymethyl seluplose (CMC) i-anaonisic polysacchaacchacchacchaackackec esetyenziselwa amanzi asetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni, amayeza, i-cosmetics, i-cosmetics, i-oyilefield yokukhuphela kunye nepaperming. Ipropathi ephambili ye-CMC l Viskosity, kodwa kwizicelo ezibonakalayo, uVenkile wayo uhlala kufuneka alawulwe ukuqhubela phambili nokusebenza okukhethekileyo kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi.

2. Ulwakhiwo kunye neempawu ze-viscosity ze-CMC
I-CMC yi-carboxymmethythylated yokutyunjwa kwe-sellyulose, kunye nesakhiwo sayo semolekyuli sibonisa iimpawu zayo zokubonisa. I-viscosity ye-CMC ixhomekeke kubunzima bayo, isidanga sokufakwa endaweni (DS), kunye nobushushu kunye ne-PH yesisombululo. Ubunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli kunye ne-DS ephezulu buhlala bonyusa i-CMC, ngelixa ubushushu obuphakamileyo kunye neemeko ze-ps zinokunciphisa i-viscofity.

I-3. Iindlela zefuthe lezongezo kwi-CMC Viscosity

3.1 Impembelelo ye-electrolyte
I-electrolytes, ezinjengeetyus (i-NACL, KCL, i-Cacl₂, njl. Njl.), Inokunciphisa i-viscosity ye-CMC. I-electrolytes iyakwazi ukonakalisa kwii-Ions emanzini, enokukhusela ukubuyiselwa kwentlawulo phakathi kwe-CMC molecular, inciphise imixokelelwane ye-molecular, kwaye ke inciphise i-vinstosity yesisombululo.
Isiphumo samandla e-Ionic: Ukunyusa amandla e-Ionic kwisisombululo kunokusenza sibe netyala le-CMC Moleksurus, senze buthathaka ukubuyiselwa kweemolekyuli phakathi kweemolekyuli, kwaye ke zinciphise i-viscosity.
Isiphumo se-culturejistang santandathu: Umzekelo, i-CA²⁺, ngokulungelelanisa amaqela ahlawulwayo angalunganga kwiimolekyuli ezininzi, zinokungafikeleli ngempumelelo intlawulo kunye nendlela yokuhamba ngempumelelo i-compolecular enqamlezileyo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu i-vickosity.

I-3.2 ye-organic selvent
Ukongeza iinyibiliki eziphantsi okanye ezingezizo ezingezizo ezingezizo ezingezizo (ezinjenge-ethanol kunye ne-propanol) inokutshintsha isisombululo se-accous kwaye inciphise intsasazo phakathi kweemolekyuli ze-CMC kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi. Unxibelelwano phakathi kweemolekyuli zeSolvent kunye neeMolekyuli ze-CMC zinokutshintsha ngokuhambelana kwe-molecular thein, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa i-viscofity.
Iziphumo zokuSebenza: Izinyibilikiselo zezinto eziphilayo zinokutshintsha ulungiselelo lweemolekyuli zamanzi kwisisombululo, ukuze i-hyddrophilic molekyuli ivalwe sisinyibilikisi, sibuthathaka kwi-moleculatity choin kunye nokunciphisa i-vickosity chosity.

3.3 Inguqu
I-CMC yi-acid ebuthathaka, kwaye utshintsho kwi-PH luchaphazela urhulumente wayo kunye nokudibana kwabantu abaninzi. Phantsi kweemeko ze-acidic, amaqela e-carboxyl kwiimolekyuli ze-CMC abangathathi hlangothi, ukunciphisa ukurhoxiswa kwentlawulo kunye nokunciphisa uVeksisity. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline, nangona intlawulo ikhulisa, i-alkwality egqithisileyo inokukhokelela ekulahleni i-depolyrize yekhonkco le-molecular, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa i-viscofity.
Isiphumo se-ISOECRICRICT: Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezikufutshane ne-ISOCCRICT (PH ≈ 4.5), intlawulo ye-molecular ye-molecular iphantsi, inciphisa ukurhoxiswa kwentlawulo kunye nokuncitshiswa kwe-viscosion.

3.4 i-hydrolysis ye-Endrolysis
Ii-enzymes ezithile (ezinjenge-selselase) zinokusika i-molecular thein ye-CMC, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa kakhulu i-viscofity yayo. I-hydrolysis ye-enzymatic yinkqubo ethile enokuthi ilawule ngokungqalileyo.

I-Mecharolysis ye-hydrolysis ye-hydrolysis: i-enzymes hydrolyze i-gelycosidic the chin, ukuze i-folecround ephezulu ye-CMC iqhekezwe ngamaqhekeza amancinci, ukunciphisa ubude be-molecular kunye nohlobo lwesisombululo.

I-4. Iikopi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezicelo zazo

4.1 I-Inorts inorts
I-sodium chloride (i-NACL): isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumzi-mveliso wokutya ukulungisa ukuthungwa kokutya ngokunciphisa i-viscofity yesisombululo se-CMC.

I-calcium chloride (i-Cacl₂): isetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ioyile ukulungisa i-viscosity ye-fass, enceda ekuthwazeni ukuntywila kunye nokuzinzisa udonga oluhle.

4.2 I-Acids ye-organic
I-acetic acid (i-acetic acid): isetyenziswe kwi-cosmetics ukulungisa i-viscofity ye-CMC yokuziqhelanisa nezinto ezahlukeneyo zemveliso kunye neemfuno zemvakalelo.

I-cicric acid: isetyenziswa ngokufuthi ukwenziwa kwenkqubo yokutya ukulungisa i-acidity kunye ne-alkality yesisombululo ukulawula i-viscosity.

4.3 Izinyibilikisi
I-Ethanol: isetyenziswe kwii-pharmaceuticals kunye ne-cosmetics ukulungisa i-viscofity ye-CMC ukufumana i-properies efanelekileyo.

I-Propanol: isetyenziswe ekuqhubekeni kwemveliso yokunciphisa i-viscofity yesisombululo se-CMC sokuhamba ngokulula kunye nokusebenza.

4.4 enzymes
I-Solulase: isetyenziselwa ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yokunciphisa i-viscofity ye-slicry, esenza ukuba iyunifora iyunifomu.

I-amylase: ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswe kumzi-mveliso wokutya ukuhlengahlengisa i-viscofity ye-CMC ukuze ihambelane neemfuno zokutya okwahlukileyo.

I-5. IZINTO EBUCHULE UKULUNGISELELWA KWEENKONZO

Ukusebenza kwezicelo ezichaphazelekayo zichaphazelekile zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ubunzima bemoyarund kunye nenqanaba lokufakwa endaweni ye-CMC, ukugxininiswa kwesisombululo, ubushushu, kunye nobukho bezinye izithako.
Ubunzima bemolekyuli: i-CMC kunye nobunzima obuphezulu bafuna ukugxininisa kakhulu kwezongezithungela ukuba zinciphise i-viscosity.
Inqanaba lokufakwa endaweni: i-CMC enenqanaba eliphezulu lokufaka endaweni yokongezwa kwezinto kwaye inokufuna iimeko ezinamandla okanye ukugxininiswa okuphezulu kweezongezo.
Iqondo lokushisa: Ubushushu obandayo ngokubanzi buxhasa ukusebenza kwezibalo, kodwa iqondo eliphakamileyo kakhulu linokubangela ukonakaliswa okanye ukuphendula ecaleni kwezongezo.
Ukudibana komxube: Ezinye izithako (ezinje nge-surfacants, ii-thi checkers, njl.njl.) Kungakuchaphazela ukusebenza kwezicelo kunye nemfuno ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngokupheleleyo.

I-6. Izikhombisi zophuhliso lwexesha elizayo
Uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kokunciphisa i-viscofity ye-CMC ihamba kwindlela eluhlaza kunye nokuzinza. Ukuphuhlisa izongezelelo ezitsha ngetyhefu ephezulu kunye netyhefu ephantsi, ukuphucula iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwezibalo ezikhoyo, kunye nokuphonononga ukusetyenziswa kwe-nanotechnology kunye ne-Smart Smart kwimigaqo yophuhliso lwe-CMC kuyo yonke imeko yophuhliso lwe-CMC kuyo yonke imeko yophuhliso lweCMC.
Izongezo eziluhlaza: Jonga i-onsortives yendalo okanye i-biodegraphid yokuphuhlisa ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo.
I-Nanotechnology: Sebenzisa indlela esebenzayo kunye nendlela yokusebenzisana esebenzayo kunye ne-nanomassions yokulawula ngokuthe ngqo kwi-CMC.
Izixhobo ze-Smart Smart: Ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezinokuthi ziphendule kwi-Stemimuli yezeNdalo (efana nobushushu, i-PH, ukukhanya, njlnjl) ekufezekiseni i-viscosity ye-CMC.

Izongezo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni i-CMC viscosity. Ngokuzikhetha ngokungxamisekileyo kunye nokufaka i-conodtives, iimfuno zamashishini ahlukeneyo kunye neemveliso zabathengi zinokufezekiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kufezekiswe uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, uphando lwexesha elizayo kufuneka lugxile kuphuhliso lweezongezo eziluhlaza nezifanelekileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji entsha kumgaqo wokumiselwa kwe-viscosity.