I-SelerUlose Ether yi-polymer ye-Syntmer eyenziwe kwi-selupese yendalo ngokuguqula iikhemikhali. I-SelerUlose Ether yindawo yokukhutshwa kwendalo. Ukuveliswa kwe-ether yeselselose yahlukile kwi-polymers yokwenziwa. Eyona nto iphambili kuyo esisiseko yi-sellulose, i-polymer yendalo. Ngenxa yobunye besakhiwo sendalo seselfowuni, i-selsulose ngokwayo ayinakwazi ukusabela ngeearhente zokhenketho. Nangona kunjalo, emva konyango iarhente yokudumba, iimbophelelo ze-hydrogen eqinileyo phakathi kweemolekyuli kunye namakhonkco atshatyalaliswayo, kwaye ukukhutshwa kweqela le-hydroxyl iba yi-alkali. Fumana i-sell sether.
Iipropathi ze-Selesese Hailes zixhomekeke kuhlobo, inani kunye nokusasazwa kwezinto ezizimeleyo. Ukwahlula-hlula kwe-Selese eSelesese eTonis kukwasekelwa kuhlobo lokuthathela ingqalelo izinto, isidanga sokuthengiswa, ukonakala kunye neepropathi ezinxulumene noko. Ngokutsho kohlobo lokuthathela izinto kwi-molecular thein, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-monotere kunye ne-ether exubeneyo. Ngokwesiqhelo sisebenzisa i-MC njenge-monoether, kunye ne-HPMC njenge-ether exubeneyo. I-methyl seluplose ether MC yimveliso emva kweqela le-hydroxyl kwicandelo le-Glucose ye-Gluolose ye-Floulose ifakwe iqela. Yimveliso efunyenwe ngokufaka indawo yeqela le-hydroxyl kwiyunithi eneqela le-AFCHYy kunye nelinye icandelo ngeqela le-hydroxlypropy. Ifomula yesakhiwo i [c6h7o2 (oh) i-3-Mn (OCH2CH2) M [OCH2CH (O) i-Hydroxyl Sethy, ezi zezona zinto ziphambili zentengiso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zithengiswa emarikeni.
Ngokuphathelelene nokuluka, kunokwahlulwa kwi-Ionic kwaye ingenzi-i-ionic. I-ionic forwecle inyibiliki ye-ionic selsulose edityaniswe ikakhulu yochungechunge amabini eAlkyl I-Ionic CMC isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizinto zokucoca ngokukuko, ukuprinta okubhaliweyo kunye nokudaya, ukutya kunye nokuhlolwa kweoyile. I-Ionic MC, i-HPMC, i-HMC, njl njl. Zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizixhobo zokwakha, i-Latex Coatings, iarhente yemihla ngemihla, i-stailing, i-stivering kunye nearhente yefilimu yefilimu.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-seluplose ether
Kwimveliso yezinto zokwakha, ngakumbi udaka oluxubeneyo oluxubeneyo, i-Ether Ether idlala indima engenakufikelelwa, ngakumbi kwimveliso yodaka olukhethekileyo (udaka oluhleweyo), yinto ebalulekileyo nebaluleke kakhulu.
Indima ebalulekileyo yokunyibilika kwamanzi e-tellase kwi-diser ebukhali ineempawu ezintathu, enye inesikhundla esihle sokugcina amanzi, enye yimpembelelo ekungqineni nasekuthiningqelo lodaka, kwaye owesithathu kukunxibelelana nesamente.
Inkqubo yokugcina amanzi ye-selsulose ether ixhomekeke ekufungeni lwamanzi kuludaka, ukwakhiwa kodaka, ubungqingqwa bodaka, kunye nexesha lokumiswa kwemibandela. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-seluplose i-ether ngokwayo kuza ukusuka kwi-solidality kunye nokupheliswa kwenkunkuma kweselfowuni uqobo. Njengoko sonke sazi, nangona i-selsulose chain iqulathe inani elikhulu lamaqela amakhulu e-hydratty, ayinyibili emanzini, kuba isakhiwo seselselose sinesidanga esiphezulu. Ubuchule bokuhluthwa kwamaqela e-hydroxyl bodwa akwanelanga ukugubungela iibhondi ezinamandla ze-hydrogen kunye ne-van der imbonakalo phakathi kweemolekyuli. Ke ngoko, ifudula kodwa ayinyibiliki emanzini. Xa umntu obambelelayo waziswa kwi-molecular thein, ayisiyiyo kuphela into ephambili intshabalalo i-hydrogen shain, kodwa kunye ne-hydrogen ye-hydrogen ye-hydrogen itshatyalalisiwe ngenxa yomntwa ophantsi. Ukukhululeka, kokukhona mkhulu phakathi kweemolekyuli. Kokukhona mkhulu umgama. Impembelelo enkulu yokutshabalalisa i-Hydrogen Bonds, i-Ete yaseLtulose iba ngathi inyibilikisi emva kokuba i-latkulose lattle yandisiwe kwaye isisombululo singenasisombululo esiphezulu. Xa iqondo lobushushu liyaphuma, i-hydration ye-polymer yamanzi, kwaye amanzi aphakathi kwamakhonkco aqhutywa. Xa iziphumo zokupheka zanele, iimolekyuli ziqala ukudibanisa, zenza i-geriment yenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi ye-gene. Izinto ezichaphazela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubandakanya i-viscosity ye-seluplose ether, isixa esongeziweyo, ukulunga kwamasuntswana kunye neqondo lokushisa.
Ukuphelisa i-viscosity ye-vissese i-ether, ilunge ngakumbi intsebenzo yokugcina amanzi, kunye nokupheliswa kwesisombululo sePolymer. Kuxhomekeka kubunzima bemolekyuli (isidanga sokugcwalisa i-polymerization) ye-polymer, ikwagqitywa kubunzima bemozulu yemolekyuli kunye nobume bekhonkco, kunye nokuhanjiswa kweentlobo kunye nenani leentlobo ezichaphazela ngqo uluhlu lwayo lokundwendwela. [η] = kmcc
[η] Uhlobo lwe-varinsic yesisombululo sePolymer
m ubunzima be-polymer moley
I-polymer ye-Polymer ihlala ihleli
I-Kycosity isisombululo sokusebenza
I-viscosity yesisombululo sePolymer ixhomekeke kubunzima bemolekyuli yePolymer. I-viscosity kunye nokugxininiswa kwesisombululo se-Selese i-selsulose sihambelana nesicelo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, i-Selese nganye iseti ineenkcazo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokufakelwa, kwaye uhlengahlengiso lwe-viscofity luye lwaqaliswa ikakhulu kukonakaliswa kweAlkali Selelise, oko kukuthi, ukwaphula imixokelelwane ye-folecial molecrins.
Ngaphezulu inani le-itelulose i-ether yongezwa kodaka, ngakumbi ukusebenza kokugcina amanzi, kunye nokuphezulu komsebenzi wokugcina amanzi.
Ubungakanani bevelisi, ukugqiba kwelokuba, kungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi (jonga umfanekiso 3). Emva kwamasuntswana amakhulu e-Selersese Ether ingena ekuhlanganeni namanzi, umphezulu uyayinyibilika ngokukhawuleza kwaye uyisonge ijeli ukuba isonge imibandela yokuthintela iimolekyuli zamanzi eziqhubeka noko. Ngamanye amaxesha ayinakusasazeka ngendlela efanayo kwaye inyibilikisiwe nasemva kwexesha elide, ukwenza isisombululo se-scan esinamafu okanye i-agemmeration. Ichaphazela kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-seluplose i-ether, kwaye ukuluka kwenye yezinto zokukhetha i-gather ekrway.
Ukutyibilika kunye neThuqiptropy ye-seluplose ether
Umsebenzi wesibini we-Iler Ither-Stackeng ixhomekeke: Inqanaba le-Polymerization ye-Teluplose Ether, isisombululo, inqanaba le-Shear, iqondo lobushushu kunye nezinye iimeko. Ipropathi yegengi yesisombululo yahlukile kwi-alkyl sellulose kunye nokuguqulwa kwayo. Ipropathi yokurhafiswa ihambelana nenqanaba lokufaka endaweni, isisombululo kunye nokongezwa. I-HydroXlekyl Derivatives, iipropathi zejeli zikwahambelana nenqanaba lokuguqula kwe-hydroxayl. Kwi-MC kunye ne-HPMC nge-viscofity ephantsi, isisombululo se-10% -15% sinokulungiswa, i-5% ye-5% ye-5% inokulungiswa kwi-viscofity ye-MC kunye ne-HPMC, kunye ne-HPMC, kwaye i-2% yesisombululo se-1%. Ubunzima obuphezulu be-follelose i-ether inomgangatho ophezulu kakhulu. Kwisisombululo esifanayo sokuxinana, ii-polymers ezinamatye ahlukeneyo eemolekyuli zineendawo zokundwendwela ezahlukeneyo. Inqanaba eliphezulu. UVenkile ekujoliswe kuyo unokufezekiswa kuphela ngokongeza isixa esikhulu se-moleculase esineselula. I-viscosity yayo ayinamsebenzi mncinci kumgangatho we-Shear, kwaye i-viscofity ephezulu ifikelela kwithagethi yethagethi, kwaye isixa esongeneyo esifunekayo sincinci, kwaye i-vickosity ixhomekeke ekusebenzeni ngokuqinileyo. Ke ngoko, ukufezekisa ukungqinelana okuthile, isixa esithile se-ether sether (uxinzelelo lwesisombululo) kunye ne-vissosity yesisombululo kufuneka iqinisekiswe. Iqondo lobushushu le-gene lesisombululo likwancipha ngocoselelo ngokunyuka kwengxaki yesisombululo, kunye ne-gels kubushushu begumbi emva kokufikelela uxinzelelo oluthile. Inkxaso-mali ye-HPMC iphezulu kubushushu begumbi.
Ukungqinelana kunokulungiswa ngokukhetha ubungakanani be-paulticle kwaye ukhethe iiselwase Ukulungiswa okubizwa ngokuba kukwazisa inqanaba elithile lokufakwa endaweni yamaqela e-hydroxaskyl kwisakhiwo seSkeleton ye-MC. Ngokutshintsha amaxabiso okufana nabantu ababini, oko kukuthi, i-DS kunye ne-DS kunye neMimandla yeMigangatho ye-Manages Iimfuneko ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi we-Teluplose Ethely inokufunyanwa ngokutshintsha amaxabiso okuqala atshintshiwe kwezinto ezimbini.
I-Seleculose ebhashe esetyenziswayo kwizinto zokwakha ezakhiweyo kufuneka inyibilikise ngokukhawuleza emanzini abandayo kwaye ibonelele ngokungqinelana kwenkqubo. Ukuba unikwe inqanaba elithile le-Shear, luba luba yi-putcupler kunye nebhloko ye-colloidal, eyimveliso ephantsi okanye imveliso esemgangathweni.
Kukho ubudlelwane obulungileyo obulungileyo phakathi kokungqinelana kwesamente i-starchi kunye nethamo ye-seluplose ether. I-Telulose Ether inokunyusa kakhulu i-viscosity yodaka. Idosi enkulu, eyona nto icacileyo, jonga umfanekiso 6
Isisombululo se-vissosity se-ethe molous ye-etheeus atheeus i-ThixitRopy ephezulu, ekwangumlinganiswa omkhulu we-ether yeseluplose. Izisombululo ze-ACCECHE ze-MC-chendmers zihlala zine-pseudoplastic kunye ne-non-th-th-th-th-th-th-th-th-th-thyropic freyidity ingezantsi kweqondo lokushisa, kodwa iNewtonian Sperties ngamaxabiso asezantsi asezantsi. I-pseudoplasticimostity inyuka ngobunzima bemolekyuli okanye uxinzelelo lwe-ether sether, ngaphandle kohlobo lokuthatha indawo kunye nenqanaba lokufaka endaweni. Ke ngoko, i-selupelose esuka kwiBanga le-viscosity efanayo, i-MC, i-HPMC, i-HMC, iya kuhlala ibonisa iipropathi ezifanayo ze-rheocical logama nje ukuba uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu zigcinwe rhoqo. I-Gels zesakhiwo isenziwa xa iqondo liphakanyisiwe, kwaye ihamba kakhulu i-Thixitropic. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye ne-viscofity ephantsi yeselula i-Show Thrixotdropy naphantsi kweqondo lobushushu. Le ndawo yepropathi ixhamla kuhlengahlengiso lwenqanaba kunye nokungena ekwakhiweni kokwakha umdaka. Kufuneka ichongwe apha ukuba i-viscosity yeselsese i-ether, ilunge ngakumbi ekugcinweni kwamanzi, kodwa iphakamile i-vissosity ye-felulose ye-ether, kunye nefuthe elilinganayo kuxinzelelo lwe-Colmar. Ukuphakama kwe-viscofity, eyona nto icacileyo yokutyibilika kodaka, kodwa ayingqinelani ngokupheleleyo. Uhlobo oluthile oluPhakathi, oluPhakathi oluPhakamileyo, kodwa i-imeyile eguqulweyo i-Ether isebenza kakuhle ekuphuculeni amandla olwakhiwo lodaka lwamanzi. Ngokunyuka kwe-viscofity, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-ether
IXESHA LOKUQALA: FEB-21 ukuya ku-525