Ubukho bodaka bangaphambili bunokwahlulwa kuba ludaka olujikelezwe kunye nodaka olomileyo ngokwemowudi yemveliso. Umfaniso omanzi oxutywe ngokongeza amanzi ubizwa ngokuba nguRhapu olwenziweyo, kunye nomxube oqinileyo owenziwe ngokuxuba izinto ezomileyo kubizwa ngokuba ngumbala owomileyo. Zininzi izinto ezingafunekiyo ezibandakanyeka kubukhoboka obuxubeneyo. Ukongeza kwizinto zemozulu, ukudityaniswa kunye nokuxutywa kwemini, ukulungelelaniswa kufuneka kongezwe ukuphucula iplasitiki yayo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukungqinelana kunye nezinye iipropathi. Zininzi izinto ezongezelelwayo kudaka olulandelayo, ezinokwahlulwa kwi-ether sether, i-starch ether, i-starch etherner, i-potex powder powder, i-bentoite kunye nokumalunga nokwenziwa kwamachiza. Inokwahlulwa ibe yiarhente yokungena komoya, i-stabilizer, i-fiber ye-fiber, iarhente yokugcina i-remer, i-Arhente yokuKhangela, ukunciphisa amanzi, ukusasazeka, ukusasazeka. Eli phepha lihlola inkqubela phambili yophando yeendlela ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswayo ngobukhoboka obuxubeneyo.
1.1 Iarhente yokungena komoya
Iarhente yokungena komoya luhlobo lwearhente esebenzayo, iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeRosin, ialkyl no-Alkyl Alkic Abid Sulfonic Acid. Iimolekyuli zokungenela umoya ngeqela le-hydrophobic, xa udaka longeza iarhente yokungenela i-cemences kunye ne-fubble ye-cement ye-cerces, kunye nokuzilibazisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi Ukusebenza kodaka, ukunciphisa izinga lokulahleka, amaqamza amancinci anokuthambisa indima kwangaxeshanye, ukuphucula ukutyibilika kunye nokutshiza kodaka.
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba iarhente yomoya engena moya yazisa inani elikhulu lamaxesha amancinci e-subs, ephucula ukusebenza kodaka, kunciphisa ukumelana kwinkqubo yokutsala kunye nokutshiza, kwaye kunciphisa i-bloomence tytom. Ukongezwa kwearhente yomoya inciphisa amandla obugorha bodaka, kwaye ilahleko yamandla amakhoboka enyuka ngokunyuka kwethamo. I-Arhente yokungena komoya inokuphucula ukungqinelana komlo, ilahleko ye-2h ye-2H yokulahleka kwamanzi kunye nenqanaba lokugcina amanzi, kwaye liphucule ukutshiza kunye nokumpompa ukwenza udaka lwe-spraic. Kwelinye icala, ibangela ukuphulukana namandla okunxila kunye namandla obomeleleyo.
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ngaphandle kokuqwalaselwa kwe-Selelose Ether, ukunyuka kwe-Arhente yokungena komoya kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukungcungcutheka okumanziweyo, kwaye ukungqinelana kodaka kuyancipha. Ngokufunda utshintsho lwesalathiso sentsebenzo oluxutyungelwe nge-Sether sether kunye nearhente yomoya, ifunyenwe ukuba ukwenziwa kwe-Arkheing ye-Arhemer yoMoya kunye ne-Ether Sether kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo emva kokuxuba. I-Telupelose Ether inokukhokelela ekungaphumlweni kwe-arhente yokungena komoya, ukuze inqanaba lokugcina amanzi lodaka liyancipha.
Ukusebenza kodaka kuphenjelelwa ngumxube wearhente yomoya kunye ne-shrinkige enciphisa iarhente. U-Wang quanlei ufumanise ukuba ukufakwa kwe-Arhente yokungena komoya kwanyusa iqondo lodaka, kunye nokufakwa kwe-shrintage kunciphise i-arhente yokuncipha kodaka, zombini ezinokulibazisa ukuqhekeza umsesane. Xa ezimbini zixutywe, iqondo le-shrinkage yodaka alitshintshi kakhulu, kwaye ukunganyangeki kwe-crack kuyaphuculwa.
1.2 I-PATEX YOFANELISE YOKUGQIBELA
I-Redex ye-Latex ye-Latex yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokufakelwa komgubo owomileyo wangoku. Yinto ye-polymer ye-orlmer ye-orlmer eyenziwe nge-polymer emulsion ngeqondo lobushushu ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukunciphisa umphezulu, ukunciphisa umhlaba kunye nezinye iinkqubo. URoger ukholelwa ukuba um-emulsion olwenziwe ngumgubo ovuselelwe i-Peex ehlaziyiweyo kwi-Creatical Comemen inokwenza ubume befilimu ye-Polymer ngaphakathi kodaka lwesamente ukuba lixhathise umonakalo.
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ipowder ye-latex ye-Latex ingekaphuculi i-Elasticastity kunye ne-ubunzima yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwendlela, ukuphucula ukusebenza kokuhamba kodaka olutsha, kwaye unefuthe lokupheliswa kwamanzi. Iqela lakhe lakhangela umphumo wenkqubo yokunyanga kumandla ofihlakeleyo yebhondi kwaye ifikelele kwisigqibo esifanayo kunye ne-Yoshihiko Ohama, ukuba i-Yoshihiko i-Oshihiko inokuthi ichithwe kwindawo yendalo echaphazelekayo kubushushu kunye neenguqu zengqondo. U-Wang ugqirha usebenzise i-xct ukufunda ifuthe leentlobo ngeentlobo zemigudu kwimo eguqulweyo, kwaye wayekholelwa ukuba udaka oluhleliweyo lwalungaphezulu kunodaka oluqhelekileyo nokuba ngumthamo wemingxunya.
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa idosi yerabha yerabha eyi-1.0% ~ 1.5%, iipropathi zamabakala ahlukeneyo omgubo werabha zilunge ngakumbi. Emva kongeza i-teder ye-tedex ye-temex ukuya kwisamente, inqanaba lokuqala le-cememe yesamente liyacothisa, amasuntswana esamente asongelwe yifilimu ye-polymer, kwaye isamente iphuculwe ngokupheleleyo.
Kwisifundo, kufuma kwafunyanwa ukuba i-temple ye-Latex ye-Latex ixutywe kwisimo sesamente sinokudlala indima yokuphucula amandla omsebenzi, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kodaka.
Kwisifundo, isiseko sesanti esisigxina sayi-1: 2.5, ukungqinelana kwakuthi (70 ± 5) mm, kunye nexabiso lokuxuba irabha le-0 ukuya kwi-Subber. Utshintsho kwiimpawu ze-microscopic ezingama-28D zodaka oluguqulweyo luhlalutyelukiwe yi-SEM. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba isixa esiphezulu sokuxuba i-teatex powder ye-telsisper, okuqhubekayo ifilimu ye-polymer eyenziwe kumphezulu weemveliso ze-hydrar, kwaye okungcono ukusebenza kodaka kuphuculwe.
Olu phando lubonisa ukuba emva kokuxuba udaka lwesamente, amasuntswana ePolymere kunye nesamente ebekiweyo, enze i-qument epheleleyo, ukuze aphucule ubume benethiwekhi epheleleyo, ukuze aphucule i-thentiration yenkqubo kunye nokusebenza kwe-subrm.
I-1.3 i-tickeng powder
Umsebenzi wepowuni yokuthambisa kukuphucula ukusebenza okubanzi kodaka, ezenziwe ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-inorganic, ii-orlymers zezinto eziphilayo, izinto eziphilayo kunye nezinye izixhobo ezizodwa. Umgubo othusayo ubandakanya i-temple ye-teax tider, i-Benton, i-inorgalic powder, i-tickener ye-tickener, njl. I-Cao Chun et al.] Ndifunde isiphumo se-HJ-C2 TOPLE YOKUGQIBELA KWIPRORDISI EZIQHELEKILEYO, kwaye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba umgubo ohlanganisiweyo ohlanganisiweyo, kodwa wayenefuthe elingcono kumgangatho wodaka. Umgubo odumileyo odumileyo wafundwa phantsi kwemidanga eyahlukileyo yezinto kunye ne-Indessing kunye ne-Proped Commation Pricter, ifuthe le-Latex, ukunciphisa amandla odaka, ukubandakanywa kweselfowuni I-ether kunye ne-Inorganic Minegaral iyenza ukuba amandla acinezelweyo kunye nokudubula kwebhunga lokulala. Onke amacandelo anefuthe kumnyulu owomileyo, kwaye enze i-shrintage yonyuso. I-Wang Jun, njenge-Benton kunye neSelulose Ether bakufundayo, kwimeko yesiqinisekiso se-ritone, i-selsulose ye-Tatone, i-Telupelose Espley i-Expression yefuthe elixubeneyo.
1.4 I-Selese Iter
I-Seleulose Talsulsud ivela kwinkcazo yodonga lweseli yezityalo yi-Agrian Agrian Agerian Agreme ntlawulo nge-1830s. Yenziwa ngokuphendula ngokusandulelayo ukusuka kwiinkuni kunye nekotoni kunye ne-caustic soda kwaye wongeza iiarhente zokuphuma kwe-EUREA. Ngenxa yokuba i-ertulose i-erse ineendawo ezilungileyo zokugcina amanzi, oko kukuthi emva kokongeza inani elincinci leselsulose ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kodaka olutsha. Kwizixhobo ezisekwe kwimo yesamente, isellulose Ether isetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-methyl sether (i-HEMC), i-HMDROXYTYL I-ITERODL I-ETER I-TEETYLYL I-ETHYLYL I-SelerUlose Ether kunye neHydroxyyl Methyl Selelose Ether zezona zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
Kufunyanwa ukuba i-hydroxypropyl methylcelcelgalose i-ether (i-HPMC) inefuthe elikhulu kwi-slidity, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye namandla okuzimela. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-Selese isete inokuphucula kakhulu udaka lwamanzi, ukunciphisa ukungangqinelani kodaka, kwaye udlale isiphumo esihle sokugcina. Xa inani lexabiso le-hydroxypropyl methyl selethe iphakathi kwe-0.02% kwaye i-0.04%, amandla odaka ancitshisiwe. Ngokusekwe kutshintsho lomxholo we-propyl methyl sether ye-ether, isiphumo se-propyl methyl sethes kwipropathi yodaka olubekiweyo. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-Ether Iterase inesiphumo sokusebenza komoya kwaye iphucule ukusebenza komsebenzi, kwaye ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwawo kunciphisa isidanga sodaka kwaye kusonakalisa ixesha lokusebenza. Kukuchulumancisa okusebenzayo ukuphucula ukusebenza kodaka. Olu phononongo lufumanise ukuba umxholo we-Teluplose Ether akufuneki ukuba uphakame kakhulu, oya kukhokelela kulwando olubalulekileyo kumxholo wegesi, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni komgangatho kunye nefuthe kumgangatho wodaka. Zhan zhenifeng et al. ifundwe impembelelo ye-selsulose ether kwipropathi yodaka lobuxube. Olu phononongo lubonise ukuba ukongezwa kwe-cleyuplose ekuphuculeni ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka, kwaye kunesiphumo sokuncitshiswa kwamanzi kudaka. I-Seley Sether inciphise ukwahluka kodaka I-selsulose ether kunye ne-stanch Ether ziintlobo ezimbini zokungqinelana zisetyenziswa ekwakheni izilwanyana. Iziphumo zokudityaniswa kwabo okubandakanyiweyo kumgangatho owomileyo kwipropathi yezifakiweyo. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukubamba kwabo kubandakanya ukubandakanya kakhulu amandla obudoda.
Uninzi lwabaphengululi baye bafunda impembelelo ye-seluplose erhente ngamandla ofa. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-seluplose i-ether kunye neeparamitha ezahlukeneyo zemolekyuli, ukwenziwa kwendlela yokuthambisa yesamente eguqulweyo. I-Ou Zhihua iselupese I-Ete yafundwa njenge-viscofity ye-vissoction ye-slipulose i-sumes, amandla e-selsulose esulungekileyo, ukunyuka, ukuzinza, kunye nokunyusa utshintsho inkqubo.
ISIQINISEKISO 2
. Kusekho ukunqongophala kohlalutyo lobungakanani ngokwemigaqo yotshintsho lwemolekyuli yokutshintsha kwezinto ezisekwe kwimozulungi, unxibelelwano oluhlanganyelweyo lotshintsho kunye nenkqubo ye-hydration.
. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zodonga, inqanaba eliqukayo lomphezulu kunye nereyithi yokufumana amanzi ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo kwisalathiso somzimba sodaka olulandelayo. Amaxesha ohlukeneyo, ubushushu, isantya somoya, amandla omatshini osetyenziswe kunye nendlela yokusebenza ichaphazela ngqo isiphumo sokusetyenziswa kobukhosi obuxubeneyo. Ukuze ufezekise isiphumo esifanelekileyo sobunjineli, udaka olulandelayo kufuneka lube luyilo olupheleleyo kwaye luyilo, kwaye luqwalasele ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zefomula ye-elebhu, ukufezekisa okuphezulu.
Ixesha leposi: NgoFebwe-20 ukuya ku-525