Ukuzilawula

Ukuzilawula Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ngokugqwesileyo kunye nokwakhiwa kokwakhiwa, ukuzibandakanya kwesamente / udaka oluhlelwe ngokubanzi kwiiprojekthi zokulungiswa komhlaba kunye neeprojekthi zokuhombisa. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, efana nemigangatho yezindlu zokuhlala, ezorhwebo nezomzi-mveliso. Ubunzima kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zefomula yalo ziphezulu. Oku kulandelayo luhlalutyo olucacisiweyo lwe-cemes yokuzimisela / ifomula yomlinganiso.

1. Ubume be-cemes yokuzimisela / yokuthambisa
Ukuqulunqwa okusisiseko kweSigaba sokuziqokelela / udaka kubandakanya: Isamente, i-Aggregate, efana ne-quartz sinti), ukungqinelana, amanzi kunye nezixhobo eziguqulweyo. Eyona nto iphambili kusetyenziswa kunye nohlengahlengiso lohlengahlengiso lwemilinganiselo. Oku kulandelayo kuya kuba luhlalutyo olucacileyo lwecandelo ngalinye:

Isamente
Isamente yeyona nto iphambili ebonakalayo ye-cemes yokuzimela / yodaka. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesamente yicengwana eqhelekileyo, enikezela amandla odaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba kufezekiswe ulwelo oluhle kunye nokuzibandakanya kwiipropathi ezizezikolo, ukukhetha isamente kuya kulungiswa ngokweemfuno zezo nyani. Kwezinye iindlela, iisaliti ezifana nesamente emhlophe okanye i-ultrafine yesamente ikwasetyenziswa ukufumana ulwalamano olungcono kunye nomhlaba ogudileyo.

I-Aggregate entle (i-quartz isanti)
Ubungakanani bentsumpa kunye nokusasazwa kwe-aggregate elungileyo kunempembelelo ebaluleke kakhulu kwintsebenzo yokuzimela. Isanti ye-quartz ihlala iphambili kudaka lokuziqokelela, kwaye ubungakanani bayo bukhona ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-0.1mm kunye ne-0.3mm. I-Aggregregregregregregregregregregereregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregregati ayiboneleli kuphela uzinzo lokuzimela i -amente, kodwa ikwamisela ukugqiba kwayo. Elungisa amasuntswana akhohlakeleyo, ongcono ogqibeleleyo, kodwa amandla ayo anciphe. Ke ngoko, ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-squidity kunye namandla kufuneka bulungelelene ngexesha lokwahluka.

Imixokelelwane (Izinto eziguqulweyo)
Ukulungelelaniswa kwelinye lamacandelo aphambili kwi-cemes yokuzimela / udaka. Zisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuphucula ulwalamano, kwandisa ixesha lokwakha, ukuphucula ukunganyangeki kokuqhekeka kwaye kuphucule ubumbisi. Izivumelwano eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya abanciphisi bamanzi, iiplastiki, i-tougainers, iiarhente ze-antifreeze, njl.

Ukucutha amanzi: Inokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umlinganiselo wamanzi wesandla, ukuphucula ulwahlulo, kwaye wenze isamente isukele lula ukuya nokusasazeka.
Iplastiki: Phucula i-adhesion kunye nokuchasana nodaka, kunye nokuphucula ixesha layo ngexesha lokwakha.
Iarhente yokuQalisa: Ukongeza inani elincinci le-arhente yenqanaba linceda ukuhlengahlengisa iflethi yomphezulu wodaka, ukuze kungazikhonzi.
Amanzi
Inani lamanzi elongeziweyo liqhosha lokumisela ukusebenza kokwakha kokuziqokelela / udaka. Impendulo ye-hydration yesamente ifuna inani elifanelekileyo lamanzi, kodwa amanzi amaninzi aya kuchaphazela amandla kunye nokuqina kodaka. Umyinge wamanzi kwisamente uhlala ulawulwa phakathi kwe-0.3 ne-0.45, enokuqinisekisa ukuba udaka lunobuqhetseba kunye namandla ayo afanelekileyo.

I-2. Umyinge kunye nokulungiswa kwe-cemes yokuziqokelela / udaka
Umyinge we-cement yokuziqokelela / udaka kufuneka uhlengahlengiswe ngokwesimo sokusebenzisa, iimfuno zomsebenzi kunye neemeko zokwakha. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya umyinge wobunzima, umlinganiso wevolumu kunye nesamente: Umyinge we-Aggrepate. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungiselela, ukuxhomekeka ngokuchanekileyo sisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kodaka kudibana nokulindelwe.

Isamente: Umlinganiso weSand
Kubukumkani bemveli, umyinge wesamente kwintlabathi malunga ne-1: 3 okanye i-1: 4, kodwa umyinge we-cessang yokuzilawula / udaka ngokwakho / udaka ngokuzimisela Umxholo wesamente ophezulu unceda ukukhulisa amandla kunye nolwelo, ngelixa i-sand eninzi kakhulu iya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni i-swimidional. Ke ngoko, isamente ephakathi: Umyinge wesanti uhlala ukhethiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba udaka lunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zolwelo kunye nobungqingqwa ngexesha lokwakha.

Ubuyiselo
Isixa sommiselo ongezelelweyo sibalulekile kwintsebenzo yokugqibela yodaka. Abacimisi amanzi bahlala bongezwa kwi-0.5% ukuya kwi-1.5% (esekwe kwi-CESTE), ngelixa iiplastiki kunye ne-Arhente yongezwa ngokweemeko ezithile, kunye ne-1%. Ukulungelelaniswa kakhulu kunokukhokelela ekungazinzisweni kokwenziwa kwesifa, ke ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufanele kulawulwe ngokungqongqo.

Ububanzi bamanzi
Umyinge wamanzi ubalulekile ekusebenzeni kokuzimela udaka lokuzimela. Ukufuma ngokufanelekileyo kuyanceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kolwakhiwo lodaka. Ngokwesiqhelo, umyinge wamanzi kwisamente ulawulwa phakathi kwe-0.35 ne-0.45. Amanzi amaninzi kunokubangela ukuba udaka lube lulwelo olukhulu kwaye luphulukane neepropathi ezizezikolo. Amanzi amancinci kakhulu anokuchaphazela indlela yokujonga i-qumed, ekhokelela kumandla angonwabi.

3. Iimpawu zokwakha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesamente yokuzimela / udaka
Ukuziqulatha isamente / udaka lunezinto ezibalaseleyo ngokwazo ngokwakho, amandla kunye nokuqina, kwaye kusetyenziswa kakhulu ngokwakhiwa. Iimpawu zayo zokwakha zikwenza ukuba ifumane umhlaba othe tyaba ngexesha nje elifutshane, ngakumbi ilungele iiprojekthi ezifana nomhlaba kunye nomgangatho.

Ukwakhiwa ngokulula
Ukususela ekubeni udaka oluzinzileyo / udaka lunetyiwa eyomeleleyo, inkqubo yokwakha inokugqitywa ngumxube wendlela elula kunye nemisebenzi yokuqhekeza ngaphandle kweenkqubo ezinzima. Emva kokuba ulwakhiwo lugqityiwe, udaka lokuzithoba ngokwakho lunokukhulisa kwinqanaba elifutshane, ukunciphisa ungenelelo lwezandla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi.

Ukuqina okuqinileyo
Ukuziqulatha i-cements / udaka lunegunya eliphezulu lokucinezela kunye nokunganyangeki, kwaye unokugcina uzinzo kubungakanani bexesha elide. Ukongeza, iimpawu zayo zokushishina i-hydration ephantsi ishushu nazo zenza ilungele umqolo omkhulu, ukunqanda ukuveliswa kwezikrelemnqa.

Isetyenzisiwe ngokubanzi
I-cement yokuzimisela / udaka idla ngokusetyenziswa komhlaba, umgangatho wemizi-mveliso, isakhiwo sezorhwebo kunye nokuhonjiswa kwekhaya, njl njl.

Inkqubo yefomula kunye nokuxuba kwe-Ceming Ceances / udaka inzima kakhulu, ebandakanya ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwesamente, i-aggregate, i-adming kunye namanzi. Inxalenye efanelekileyo kunye nezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kunye nomgangatho wokugqibela womhlaba. Ngokuphuculwa kweemfuno zeshishini lokwakha zomhlaba, imfuno yentengiso yokuziqhelanisa nokuziqokelela / udaka njengezinto zokwakha eziphezulu ziya kuqhubeka zikhula, kwaye amathemba ophuhliso akhulayo. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ehlengahlengisa ifomula ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokwakha inokudlala ngcono izibonelelo kwaye inike izisombululo eziphezulu zolwakhiwo komhlaba.